Self Defense – Another Look
Self-defense is the ability to come out of violent situations alive and if possible unhurt and with all of your possessions. For most persons, self-defense is learning how to beat someone up (or use any other suitable technique like throws, locks,…). This is the stuff you will learn in most martial-arts or self-defense classes. Unfortunately this is only a part of the whole self-defense business. In my eyes, self-defense consists at least of the following parts:
- Conflict prevention
- Conflict avoidance
- Situation analysis
- Fear control
- Deescalation
- Running away
- Use of violence
- Stopping the use of violence
- The law
In the following I will try to explain what I mean by the respective points.
Conflict prevention
The most important part of the whole self-defense business is something that is hardly self-defense at all. It is the prevention of any conflicts. Important factors in conflict prevention are education, guidance, tolerance and parents/educators attention (and maybe to a certain degree, punishment). These are measures that have to be present from the beginning and are lacking in certain cultures, regions or groups in society. If they are not there, they have to be built up step by step, until a peaceful society exists. Each individual can influence its surrounding by increasing the level of non-violence through his actions (the most extreme case for this is certainly mahatma gandhi). Other ways are the legal system, education by the parents or the education system.
Conflict avoidance
The standard sentence “don’t walk down dark alleys” tries to capture the meaning behind the conflict avoidance subject, it goes much farther than simple rules though. Avoiding a conflict can start by not going to places (the dark alleys) but for this, these places have to be identified and it has to be possible to not go there (if you work near such a place or in such a region, you just have to go there). It continues with the standard “how to behave” rules like having straight posture, looking up, walk confident and so forth. These things help to a certain extend (and good posture is anyway a good thing). The next thing and this is where it starts to become harder, is to watch your surrounding, try to identify people that don’t belong there or look suspicious and try to go out of their way if possible. This is hard as most people have much better things to do than to be suspicious all the time. You can train to be subconsciously aware of your direct surroundings (the people around you and how they behave) as you are aware of your surroundings when driving a car (how the vehicles are driving, braking and turning) .
Situation analysis
As soon as a potentially dangerous situation arises, it has to be analyzed as fast as possible to decide what actions have to be taken. The analysis includes the following:
- What is the “level” of the situation (angry glares, hefty discussion, punches flying, rage,…)
- Number of attackers and who is their leader
- Number of attacked persons
- Are weapons involved
- Are improvised weapons around
- What is the location (a forest or in the middle of a supermarket)
- Is there help available
- What are the escape paths
Each of these factors influences what you are going to do next. You have to learn how to judge these factors and take your decision as fast as possible as soon you detect a self-defense situation.
Fear control
When a self-defense situation arises it is possible and even probable, that you will be filled with fear. This is normal. You can learn to cope with this fear. This means, that you have to prepare yourself and train how to overcome this state of fear (the fear won’t go away) and still do something despite the fear. This is partly something you can try to train by simulating fear-like situations and partly something that you have to mentally prepare by visualizing situations that can create fear and what you have to do when they arise.
De-escalation
Many nasty situations can be solved by purely talking to the attacker(s). Whether this is possible largely depends on the state of the attacker(s) and how far the situation has escalated so far. The tools you can use to deescalate are to be found in subjects as rhetoric and psychology. Some means you have at your disposition are apologies, agreement (it’s harder to be angry at someone who agrees with you), avoid contradiction and so forth.
Running away
A very clever solution to many self-defense problems is removing yourself from the scene. In most cases this can be done by running away, but driving away, taking the next bus or entering a building can lead to the same result. Running away can be a solution at any point of a confrontation, before it starts, after an attacker has hit you, after you have hit him once and after you have controlled him.
Use of violence
Applying violence is the last resort you have when being attacked. You try to inflict enough damage or control to your attacker so that the fighting stops. The use of violence is the main subject that is taught in most martial arts classes. It should contain at least the following points:
- technique against unarmed and armed attackers, standing and on the floor
- development of force, stability and speed
- learn how to fight (take away the fear of hitting and being hit)
- positional judgment of the attackers
- vulnerable points of the human body
- training of situations (attackers that grab, punch, shove,…)
- simulation of the reality (as close as possible in a controlled environment)
There are many teaching methods on how to learn these things.
Stopping the use of violence
As important as it is to recognize when to start using violence, it is to stop using violence. This can be the case in these situations:
- The attacker is no longer able to defend himself (you become the attacker)
- The attacker is fleeing
- The attacker does no longer attack (e.g. he became reasonable)
- Another solution becomes the preferred one (e.g. the attacker’s friends turn up and you should start running)
- The police arrives and starts to intervene
The law
As soon as a violent confrontation is over (and in some cases even after non-violent ones) someone (most of the times the counsel for the prosecution) will see if there is need for an accusation. If this happens, the accused person will have to defend itself on a trial. Even when you act in self-defense it can happen that you are this person. It may not be clear from the outside, that you were the one who was defending himself (the attacker or witnesses can lie), you can also have exaggerated the violence you used in the given situation (many countries have laws to cover these cases). If you land in such a situation it is certainly advisable to get yourself a good lawyer. But more importantly, if you train your self-defense, train for appropriate behaviour and actions. It is very bad to train how to smash someones larynx (a deadly technique), when he just slaps you on the cheek. If you train that way, the probability is big, that you will act the same way in a real situation.
Conclusion
Self-defense is a very complex subject and has to be treated that way. Most self-defense courses focus way too much on the violent part of the whole thing. It is very important to give the other parts a more prominent part in the teaching of self-defense. Each of the points I mentioned so far could easily fill a whole blog post (or even a whole book). So maybe I will take up on one or the other and expand on it at a later point.
Source: Ste’s Self-Defense
Republished by: Dave Heuthe, American Kobe Jiu Jitsu Federation Black Belt & Certified Instructor. Dave provides group personal defense classes where lessons are taught in various locations, privately, at Bob Malvagno’s School of Self Defense, and through in-house work programs (e.g. -Fire Department, employer, churches & synagogues, community centers, etc.) in the Nassau County and Sufflok County, Long Island (LI), NY area. Dave’s business is to provide programs that help his students (adults, seniors, teens & children) master self defense. BECOME A CLASS MEMBER TODAY!
Share Self Defense Classes w/ Your Friends